10 Things That Your Family Taught You About Machine Espresso
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How Does Machine Espresso Work?
Machine espresso employs precise pressure and mind-blowing filter technology to create the perfect cup of coffee. But how exactly does it work?
In order to make espresso, hot water is pushed under pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to making drip coffee, but the difference is in the pressure.
The Group Head
The group head is the portafilter you place in the espresso maker when making it. It is responsible for dispersing water into the portafilter before controlling the pressure of the resulting extraction. There are many different kinds of group heads each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Some are designed to provide the stability of temperature while some are specifically designed to handle pre-infusion. Others are built to control the lever. There are some that contain a variety of features, like the E61 one, which is to be the most popular among baristas due to its capacity to provide multiple benefits in a single package.
As you can see from the photo above, the group head is fitted with several notches. You can place your portafilter in these notches, Machine Espresso then twist the head to secure it. A rubber gasket is located inside the notches, which helps create a seal when you insert your portafilter. The notches permit an exact placement of the portafilter. This is crucial for an even extraction.
In addition to allowing you easily insert your portafilter, the group head is also responsible to maintain an even temperature. This is achieved by cycling hot water around the portafilter, and through the brew basin, ensuring that the temperature is at the right level for extraction. It is important to realize that even a tiny deviation can make the difference between a good and great espresso.
The Pump
Contrary to manual piston machines that use a lever to pressurize water, rotary espresso machines rely on motorized pumps that provide the nine atmospheric bars of pressure necessary for espresso extraction. The pressure is created by pumping water through a heat exchanger and then through the ground coffee.
Pumps tend to be less expensive than piston-driven models, and they tend to last longer, although both types of machines could become damaged due to excessive use and poor cleaning. They also increase the complexity of mechanical systems which can result in costly prices for even the simplest models.
Some espresso machines employ steam pressure instead of a pump in order to brew espresso. The drawback of this is that the same boiler that produces steam also increases the temperature of the water to the point of boiling, which can lead to excessive extraction. In addition these machines typically have to restore their pressure between cups, which takes time and energy.
Many italian espresso machine machines make use of an rotary or a vibration pump. A vibration model utilizes a vibrating disk to generate pressure, whereas a rotary model pushes hot water through the ground at a fast speed. Both models can make a great espresso, however the rotary pumps are quieter, and more durable than vibration pumps.
The Boiler
The dual boiler espresso machine will heat the water to a temperature that is ideal to extract. The steam that is produced reaches the portafilter, which contains the ground espresso coffee and is then funneled down into the cup. During this process the steam causes enough pressure to push the coffee grounds through. This results in a layer of crema on top. This is one of the hallmarks of a good italian espresso machines.
There are three different types of espresso machines, each with a different type of pump and brew temperature. There are a variety of ways that the brew may be controlled and the size of the cup that the machine is capable of making.
The earliest espresso machines were steam-based. They employed a single boiler to make both steam and brew but the pressure they could produce was not very high - two bars of atmospheric pressure maximum. The coffee tasted bitter and burnt. This is why Milanese manufacturers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni invented the modern espresso machine.
The most common espresso machine is a semiautomatic that has an electric pump. These are the things people think of when they think of an espresso maker. If you have a semi-automatic machine you have to grind the beans and then tamp them yourself but the pump regulates the flow of water and pressure. This is a great compromise between the human touch and mechanized consistency.
The Filter
Typically, espresso machines utilize a filter to separate out the grounds of coffee when they pass through the hot water. The filter is also a vital part of the machine's temperature control, since it stops overheating.
It also helps with flavor as a filter allows for a more prolonged bloom time. This allows beans to release their flavors and provides an opportunity for a better extraction.
However it is crucial to remember that even a top filter could result in a bad cup of coffee, because the quality of the beans and extraction is important.
It's in this area that the magic occurs. This is what makes espresso taste so good. The grouphead, sometimes referred to as the brewhead, is where the portafilter (the device you put the coffee ground into) is placed when making espresso.
In an espresso machine that is driven by steam, hot water is heated in an airtight container to produce steam, which is then pushed through the grounds under high pressure. These machines are cheaper and easier for the user to maintain than pumps-driven models. However, they are limited in their ability to create the ideal brewing conditions, as they only operate at 1-1.5 bars of pressure, while the perfect shot requires 9-10 bars.
In recent years, compressed-air-pump-driven espresso machines have become more popular. They utilize an air compressor to push hot water across the ground, and are more mobile than electric steam-driven espresso machines.
Machine espresso employs precise pressure and mind-blowing filter technology to create the perfect cup of coffee. But how exactly does it work?

The Group Head
The group head is the portafilter you place in the espresso maker when making it. It is responsible for dispersing water into the portafilter before controlling the pressure of the resulting extraction. There are many different kinds of group heads each with its own advantages and disadvantages. Some are designed to provide the stability of temperature while some are specifically designed to handle pre-infusion. Others are built to control the lever. There are some that contain a variety of features, like the E61 one, which is to be the most popular among baristas due to its capacity to provide multiple benefits in a single package.
As you can see from the photo above, the group head is fitted with several notches. You can place your portafilter in these notches, Machine Espresso then twist the head to secure it. A rubber gasket is located inside the notches, which helps create a seal when you insert your portafilter. The notches permit an exact placement of the portafilter. This is crucial for an even extraction.
In addition to allowing you easily insert your portafilter, the group head is also responsible to maintain an even temperature. This is achieved by cycling hot water around the portafilter, and through the brew basin, ensuring that the temperature is at the right level for extraction. It is important to realize that even a tiny deviation can make the difference between a good and great espresso.
The Pump
Contrary to manual piston machines that use a lever to pressurize water, rotary espresso machines rely on motorized pumps that provide the nine atmospheric bars of pressure necessary for espresso extraction. The pressure is created by pumping water through a heat exchanger and then through the ground coffee.
Pumps tend to be less expensive than piston-driven models, and they tend to last longer, although both types of machines could become damaged due to excessive use and poor cleaning. They also increase the complexity of mechanical systems which can result in costly prices for even the simplest models.
Some espresso machines employ steam pressure instead of a pump in order to brew espresso. The drawback of this is that the same boiler that produces steam also increases the temperature of the water to the point of boiling, which can lead to excessive extraction. In addition these machines typically have to restore their pressure between cups, which takes time and energy.
Many italian espresso machine machines make use of an rotary or a vibration pump. A vibration model utilizes a vibrating disk to generate pressure, whereas a rotary model pushes hot water through the ground at a fast speed. Both models can make a great espresso, however the rotary pumps are quieter, and more durable than vibration pumps.
The Boiler
The dual boiler espresso machine will heat the water to a temperature that is ideal to extract. The steam that is produced reaches the portafilter, which contains the ground espresso coffee and is then funneled down into the cup. During this process the steam causes enough pressure to push the coffee grounds through. This results in a layer of crema on top. This is one of the hallmarks of a good italian espresso machines.
There are three different types of espresso machines, each with a different type of pump and brew temperature. There are a variety of ways that the brew may be controlled and the size of the cup that the machine is capable of making.
The earliest espresso machines were steam-based. They employed a single boiler to make both steam and brew but the pressure they could produce was not very high - two bars of atmospheric pressure maximum. The coffee tasted bitter and burnt. This is why Milanese manufacturers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni invented the modern espresso machine.
The most common espresso machine is a semiautomatic that has an electric pump. These are the things people think of when they think of an espresso maker. If you have a semi-automatic machine you have to grind the beans and then tamp them yourself but the pump regulates the flow of water and pressure. This is a great compromise between the human touch and mechanized consistency.
The Filter
Typically, espresso machines utilize a filter to separate out the grounds of coffee when they pass through the hot water. The filter is also a vital part of the machine's temperature control, since it stops overheating.
It also helps with flavor as a filter allows for a more prolonged bloom time. This allows beans to release their flavors and provides an opportunity for a better extraction.
However it is crucial to remember that even a top filter could result in a bad cup of coffee, because the quality of the beans and extraction is important.
It's in this area that the magic occurs. This is what makes espresso taste so good. The grouphead, sometimes referred to as the brewhead, is where the portafilter (the device you put the coffee ground into) is placed when making espresso.
In an espresso machine that is driven by steam, hot water is heated in an airtight container to produce steam, which is then pushed through the grounds under high pressure. These machines are cheaper and easier for the user to maintain than pumps-driven models. However, they are limited in their ability to create the ideal brewing conditions, as they only operate at 1-1.5 bars of pressure, while the perfect shot requires 9-10 bars.
In recent years, compressed-air-pump-driven espresso machines have become more popular. They utilize an air compressor to push hot water across the ground, and are more mobile than electric steam-driven espresso machines.

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